/**
 * Immutable helpers for parsing and editing platform `URL` values.
 *
 * This module keeps the WHATWG `URL` object as the URL representation used by
 * HTTP clients and servers, then adds safe parsing and pipeable setters for
 * credentials, host, path, protocol, query, and hash components. Query strings
 * can be read, replaced, or transformed through `UrlParams` so repeated keys and
 * key/value encoding stay explicit.
 *
 * **Mental model**
 *
 * `fromString` returns a `Result` instead of throwing when URL construction
 * fails. Setters never mutate the original `URL`; each one clones the input and
 * assigns the requested component on the clone. Use `mutate` when several
 * component assignments should happen on the same clone.
 *
 * **Common tasks**
 *
 * - Parse absolute URLs, or resolve relative URL strings against a base URL.
 * - Pipe setters to adjust host, protocol, path, credentials, search, or hash.
 * - Extract query parameters with `urlParams`.
 * - Replace or transform query parameters with `setUrlParams` and
 *   `modifyUrlParams`.
 *
 * **Gotchas**
 *
 * Relative input needs an explicit base. Component assignment and serialization
 * follow platform `URL` rules, so values may be normalized or percent-encoded.
 * `setPassword` accepts `Redacted` input, but the resulting `URL` still contains
 * the actual credential and should be treated as sensitive when serialized.
 *
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
import * as Cause from "../../Cause.ts"
import { dual } from "../../Function.ts"
import * as Redacted from "../../Redacted.ts"
import * as Result from "../../Result.ts"
import * as UrlParams from "./UrlParams.ts"

/**
 * Parses a URL string safely into a `URL` object, returning a `Result` type for
 * error handling.
 *
 * **Details**
 *
 * This function converts a string into a `URL` object, enabling safe URL
 * parsing with built-in error handling. If the string is invalid or fails to
 * parse, this function does not throw an error; instead, it wraps the error in
 * a `IllegalArgumentError` and returns it as the `Failure` value of an
 * `Result`. The `Success` value contains the successfully parsed `URL`.
 *
 * An optional `base` parameter can be provided to resolve relative URLs. If
 * specified, the function interprets the input `url` as relative to this
 * `base`. This is especially useful when dealing with URLs that might not be
 * fully qualified.
 *
 * **Example** (Parsing absolute and relative URLs)
 *
 * ```ts
 * import { Result } from "effect"
 * import { Url } from "effect/unstable/http"
 *
 * // Parse an absolute URL
 * //
 * //      ┌─── Result<URL, IllegalArgumentError>
 * //      ▼
 * const parsed = Url.fromString("https://example.com/path")
 *
 * if (Result.isSuccess(parsed)) {
 *   console.log("Parsed URL:", parsed.success.toString())
 * } else {
 *   console.log("Error:", parsed.failure.message)
 * }
 * // Output: Parsed URL: https://example.com/path
 *
 * // Parse a relative URL with a base
 * const relativeParsed = Url.fromString("/relative-path", "https://example.com")
 *
 * if (Result.isSuccess(relativeParsed)) {
 *   console.log("Parsed relative URL:", relativeParsed.success.toString())
 * } else {
 *   console.log("Error:", relativeParsed.failure.message)
 * }
 * // Output: Parsed relative URL: https://example.com/relative-path
 * ```
 *
 * @category constructors
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const fromString: {
  /**
   * Parses a URL string safely into a `URL` object, returning a `Result` type for
   * error handling.
   *
   * **Details**
   *
   * This function converts a string into a `URL` object, enabling safe URL
   * parsing with built-in error handling. If the string is invalid or fails to
   * parse, this function does not throw an error; instead, it wraps the error in
   * a `IllegalArgumentError` and returns it as the `Failure` value of an
   * `Result`. The `Success` value contains the successfully parsed `URL`.
   *
   * An optional `base` parameter can be provided to resolve relative URLs. If
   * specified, the function interprets the input `url` as relative to this
   * `base`. This is especially useful when dealing with URLs that might not be
   * fully qualified.
   *
   * **Example** (Parsing absolute and relative URLs)
   *
   * ```ts
   * import { Result } from "effect"
   * import { Url } from "effect/unstable/http"
   *
   * // Parse an absolute URL
   * //
   * //      ┌─── Result<URL, IllegalArgumentError>
   * //      ▼
   * const parsed = Url.fromString("https://example.com/path")
   *
   * if (Result.isSuccess(parsed)) {
   *   console.log("Parsed URL:", parsed.success.toString())
   * } else {
   *   console.log("Error:", parsed.failure.message)
   * }
   * // Output: Parsed URL: https://example.com/path
   *
   * // Parse a relative URL with a base
   * const relativeParsed = Url.fromString("/relative-path", "https://example.com")
   *
   * if (Result.isSuccess(relativeParsed)) {
   *   console.log("Parsed relative URL:", relativeParsed.success.toString())
   * } else {
   *   console.log("Error:", relativeParsed.failure.message)
   * }
   * // Output: Parsed relative URL: https://example.com/relative-path
   * ```
   *
   * @category constructors
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: string, base?: string | URL | undefined): Result.Result<URL, Cause.IllegalArgumentError>
} = (url, base) =>
  Result.try({
    try: () => new URL(url, base),
    catch: () =>
      new Cause.IllegalArgumentError(`Invalid URL: "${url}"${base !== undefined ? ` with base "${base}"` : ""}`)
  })

/**
 * Updates a cloned `URL` with a callback, allowing multiple changes at once.
 *
 * **Example** (Mutating URL credentials)
 *
 * ```ts
 * import { Url } from "effect/unstable/http"
 *
 * const myUrl = new URL("https://example.com")
 *
 * const mutatedUrl = Url.mutate(myUrl, (url) => {
 *   url.username = "user"
 *   url.password = "pass"
 * })
 *
 * console.log("Mutated:", mutatedUrl.toString())
 * // Output: Mutated: https://user:pass@example.com/
 * ```
 *
 * @category modifiers
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const mutate: {
  /**
   * Updates a cloned `URL` with a callback, allowing multiple changes at once.
   *
   * **Example** (Mutating URL credentials)
   *
   * ```ts
   * import { Url } from "effect/unstable/http"
   *
   * const myUrl = new URL("https://example.com")
   *
   * const mutatedUrl = Url.mutate(myUrl, (url) => {
   *   url.username = "user"
   *   url.password = "pass"
   * })
   *
   * console.log("Mutated:", mutatedUrl.toString())
   * // Output: Mutated: https://user:pass@example.com/
   * ```
   *
   * @category modifiers
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (f: (url: URL) => void): (self: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Updates a cloned `URL` with a callback, allowing multiple changes at once.
   *
   * **Example** (Mutating URL credentials)
   *
   * ```ts
   * import { Url } from "effect/unstable/http"
   *
   * const myUrl = new URL("https://example.com")
   *
   * const mutatedUrl = Url.mutate(myUrl, (url) => {
   *   url.username = "user"
   *   url.password = "pass"
   * })
   *
   * console.log("Mutated:", mutatedUrl.toString())
   * // Output: Mutated: https://user:pass@example.com/
   * ```
   *
   * @category modifiers
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (self: URL, f: (url: URL) => void): URL
} = dual(2, (self: URL, f: (url: URL) => void) => {
  const copy = new URL(self)
  f(copy)
  return copy
})

/** @internal */
const immutableURLSetter = <P extends keyof URL, A = never>(property: P): {
  (value: URL[P] | A): (url: URL) => URL
  (url: URL, value: URL[P] | A): URL
} =>
  dual(2, (url: URL, value: URL[P]) =>
    mutate(url, (url) => {
      url[property] = value
    }))

/**
 * Updates the hash fragment of the URL.
 *
 * @category setters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const setHash: {
  /**
   * Updates the hash fragment of the URL.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (hash: string): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Updates the hash fragment of the URL.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, hash: string): URL
} = immutableURLSetter("hash")

/**
 * Updates the host (domain and port) of the URL.
 *
 * @category setters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const setHost: {
  /**
   * Updates the host (domain and port) of the URL.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (host: string): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Updates the host (domain and port) of the URL.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, host: string): URL
} = immutableURLSetter("host")

/**
 * Updates the domain of the URL without modifying the port.
 *
 * @category setters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const setHostname: {
  /**
   * Updates the domain of the URL without modifying the port.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (hostname: string): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Updates the domain of the URL without modifying the port.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, hostname: string): URL
} = immutableURLSetter("hostname")

/**
 * Replaces the entire URL string.
 *
 * @category setters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const setHref: {
  /**
   * Replaces the entire URL string.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (href: string): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Replaces the entire URL string.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, href: string): URL
} = immutableURLSetter("href")

/**
 * Updates the password used for authentication.
 *
 * @category setters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const setPassword: {
  /**
   * Updates the password used for authentication.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (password: string | Redacted.Redacted): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Updates the password used for authentication.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, password: string | Redacted.Redacted): URL
} = dual(2, (url: URL, password: string | Redacted.Redacted) =>
  mutate(url, (url) => {
    url.password = typeof password === "string"
      ? password :
      Redacted.value(password)
  }))

/**
 * Updates the path of the URL.
 *
 * @category setters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const setPathname: {
  /**
   * Updates the path of the URL.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (pathname: string): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Updates the path of the URL.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, pathname: string): URL
} = immutableURLSetter("pathname")

/**
 * Updates the port of the URL.
 *
 * @category setters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const setPort: {
  /**
   * Updates the port of the URL.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (port: string | number): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Updates the port of the URL.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, port: string | number): URL
} = immutableURLSetter("port")

/**
 * Updates the protocol (e.g., `http`, `https`).
 *
 * @category setters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const setProtocol: {
  /**
   * Updates the protocol (e.g., `http`, `https`).
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (protocol: string): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Updates the protocol (e.g., `http`, `https`).
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, protocol: string): URL
} = immutableURLSetter("protocol")

/**
 * Updates the query string of the URL.
 *
 * @category setters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const setSearch: {
  /**
   * Updates the query string of the URL.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (search: string): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Updates the query string of the URL.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, search: string): URL
} = immutableURLSetter("search")

/**
 * Updates the username used for authentication.
 *
 * @category setters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const setUsername: {
  /**
   * Updates the username used for authentication.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (username: string): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Updates the username used for authentication.
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, username: string): URL
} = immutableURLSetter("username")

/**
 * Updates the query parameters of a URL.
 *
 * **Details**
 *
 * This function allows you to set or replace the query parameters of a `URL`
 * object using the provided `UrlParams`. It creates a new `URL` object with the
 * updated parameters, leaving the original object unchanged.
 *
 * **Example** (Replacing query parameters)
 *
 * ```ts
 * import { Url, UrlParams } from "effect/unstable/http"
 *
 * const myUrl = new URL("https://example.com?foo=bar")
 *
 * // Write parameters
 * const updatedUrl = Url.setUrlParams(
 *   myUrl,
 *   UrlParams.fromInput([["key", "value"]])
 * )
 *
 * console.log(updatedUrl.toString())
 * // Output: https://example.com/?key=value
 * ```
 *
 * @category setters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const setUrlParams: {
  /**
   * Updates the query parameters of a URL.
   *
   * **Details**
   *
   * This function allows you to set or replace the query parameters of a `URL`
   * object using the provided `UrlParams`. It creates a new `URL` object with the
   * updated parameters, leaving the original object unchanged.
   *
   * **Example** (Replacing query parameters)
   *
   * ```ts
   * import { Url, UrlParams } from "effect/unstable/http"
   *
   * const myUrl = new URL("https://example.com?foo=bar")
   *
   * // Write parameters
   * const updatedUrl = Url.setUrlParams(
   *   myUrl,
   *   UrlParams.fromInput([["key", "value"]])
   * )
   *
   * console.log(updatedUrl.toString())
   * // Output: https://example.com/?key=value
   * ```
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (urlParams: UrlParams.UrlParams): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Updates the query parameters of a URL.
   *
   * **Details**
   *
   * This function allows you to set or replace the query parameters of a `URL`
   * object using the provided `UrlParams`. It creates a new `URL` object with the
   * updated parameters, leaving the original object unchanged.
   *
   * **Example** (Replacing query parameters)
   *
   * ```ts
   * import { Url, UrlParams } from "effect/unstable/http"
   *
   * const myUrl = new URL("https://example.com?foo=bar")
   *
   * // Write parameters
   * const updatedUrl = Url.setUrlParams(
   *   myUrl,
   *   UrlParams.fromInput([["key", "value"]])
   * )
   *
   * console.log(updatedUrl.toString())
   * // Output: https://example.com/?key=value
   * ```
   *
   * @category setters
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, urlParams: UrlParams.UrlParams): URL
} = dual(2, (url: URL, searchParams: UrlParams.UrlParams) =>
  mutate(url, (url) => {
    url.search = UrlParams.toString(searchParams)
  }))

/**
 * Retrieves the query parameters from a URL.
 *
 * **Details**
 *
 * This function extracts the query parameters from a `URL` object and returns
 * them as `UrlParams`. The resulting structure can be easily manipulated or
 * inspected.
 *
 * **Example** (Reading query parameters)
 *
 * ```ts
 * import { Url } from "effect/unstable/http"
 *
 * const myUrl = new URL("https://example.com?foo=bar")
 *
 * // Read parameters
 * const params = Url.urlParams(myUrl)
 *
 * console.log(params)
 * // Output: [ [ 'foo', 'bar' ] ]
 * ```
 *
 * @category getters
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const urlParams = (url: URL): UrlParams.UrlParams => UrlParams.fromInput(url.searchParams)

/**
 * Reads the query parameters of a URL, modifies them, and updates the URL.
 *
 * **Details**
 *
 * This function provides a functional way to interact with query parameters by
 * reading the current parameters, applying a transformation function, and then
 * writing the updated parameters back to the URL. It returns a new `URL` object
 * with the modified parameters, ensuring immutability.
 *
 * **Example** (Modifying query parameters)
 *
 * ```ts
 * import { Url, UrlParams } from "effect/unstable/http"
 *
 * const myUrl = new URL("https://example.com?foo=bar")
 *
 * const changedUrl = Url.modifyUrlParams(myUrl, UrlParams.append("key", "value"))
 *
 * console.log(changedUrl.toString())
 * // Output: https://example.com/?foo=bar&key=value
 * ```
 *
 * @category modifiers
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
export const modifyUrlParams: {
  /**
   * Reads the query parameters of a URL, modifies them, and updates the URL.
   *
   * **Details**
   *
   * This function provides a functional way to interact with query parameters by
   * reading the current parameters, applying a transformation function, and then
   * writing the updated parameters back to the URL. It returns a new `URL` object
   * with the modified parameters, ensuring immutability.
   *
   * **Example** (Modifying query parameters)
   *
   * ```ts
   * import { Url, UrlParams } from "effect/unstable/http"
   *
   * const myUrl = new URL("https://example.com?foo=bar")
   *
   * const changedUrl = Url.modifyUrlParams(myUrl, UrlParams.append("key", "value"))
   *
   * console.log(changedUrl.toString())
   * // Output: https://example.com/?foo=bar&key=value
   * ```
   *
   * @category modifiers
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (f: (urlParams: UrlParams.UrlParams) => UrlParams.UrlParams): (url: URL) => URL
  /**
   * Reads the query parameters of a URL, modifies them, and updates the URL.
   *
   * **Details**
   *
   * This function provides a functional way to interact with query parameters by
   * reading the current parameters, applying a transformation function, and then
   * writing the updated parameters back to the URL. It returns a new `URL` object
   * with the modified parameters, ensuring immutability.
   *
   * **Example** (Modifying query parameters)
   *
   * ```ts
   * import { Url, UrlParams } from "effect/unstable/http"
   *
   * const myUrl = new URL("https://example.com?foo=bar")
   *
   * const changedUrl = Url.modifyUrlParams(myUrl, UrlParams.append("key", "value"))
   *
   * console.log(changedUrl.toString())
   * // Output: https://example.com/?foo=bar&key=value
   * ```
   *
   * @category modifiers
   * @since 4.0.0
   */
  (url: URL, f: (urlParams: UrlParams.UrlParams) => UrlParams.UrlParams): URL
} = dual(2, (url: URL, f: (urlParams: UrlParams.UrlParams) => UrlParams.UrlParams) =>
  mutate(url, (url) => {
    const params = f(UrlParams.fromInput(url.searchParams))
    url.search = UrlParams.toString(params)
  }))